Dairy farming is a significant and growing agricultural enterprise in Trans-Nzoia County, particularly in the cool highland areas. The favorable climate (cool temperatures, high rainfall) supports year-round grazing and high-quality milk production. Dairy cattle breeds including Friesian, Jersey, and crossbreeds are common in the county. Smallholder dairy farmers typically keep 2 to 5 dairy cows, while some commercial operations manage larger herds. Dairy provides steady income compared to cereal farming and helps maintain soil fertility through manure. Milk production is year-round, with seasonal variations reflecting pasture availability.
Milk Production and Marketing
Milk collection cooperatives operate throughout the county, collecting milk from smallholder farmers for bulk sale to dairy processors. Major milk collection centers are located in Kitale and trading centers. Fresh milk is delivered daily to collection points for cooling and transport. Cooperative societies provide extension services helping farmers improve milk production through better animal nutrition and health management. Dairy products including cheese, yogurt, and ghee are produced at household and small commercial scales. Market outlets include local consumers, secondary towns, and larger regional markets. Milk prices fluctuate seasonally and with global commodity markets.
Cooperative Organizations and Services
Dairy cooperative unions provide federation, training, and market linkage services. The Kitale-based cooperative union operates milk cooling plants for temporary storage and transport. Veterinary services through cooperatives support animal health and productivity. Animal feed production (hay, silage, fodder) is promoted to support dry-season milk production. Feed processing facilities mill grain and produce supplementary feed. Credit services from cooperatives enable farmers to purchase animals, feed, and veterinary services. Extension agents provide technical guidance on breeding, animal health, and pasture management. Dairy farming integration with crop production creates diversified farm households.